Last updated: 2021-02-19

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Knit directory: 2021_UoM_Yap_shRNA_nuclei_RNAseq_ATACseq/

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Introduction

Following sequencing and obtaining .fastq.gz file, the first step is to perform trimming and mapping of the sequencing data to generate bam files. All these steps were performed using bash code.

Bam files were then used for removal of duplicated and low quality (<Q30) reads and subsequently subjected to read counting to generate a count matrix.

Mouse AAV6:lacZ-shRNA or AAV6:Yap-shRNA bulk nuclei ATAC-seq were performed using paired-end sequencing method and below are the scripts for primary processing of paired-end sequencing read.

Used libraries and functions

  • skewer/0.2.2
  • bwa/0.7.17
  • samtools/1.8
  • parallel
  • subread/1.5.0
  • bedtools/2.27.1
  • macs14
  • bedops/2.4.20

1. Basic processing of all samples

Trimming of sequencing read

#!/bin/bash

# function to run skewer quality trimming
runskew(){
FQZ1=$1
FQZ2=`echo $FQZ1 | sed 's/_R1.fastq.gz/_R2.fastq.gz/'`
skewer -t 8 -q 20 $FQZ1 $FQZ2
}
export -f runskew

# actually run skewer
parallel -j3 runskew ::: *_R1.fastq.gz

Mapping of Skewer trimmed .fastq to mouse reference genome using BWA

runbwamempe() {
FQ1=$1
FQ2=`echo $FQ1 | sed 's/R1.fastq-trimmed-pair1.fastq/R1.fastq-trimmed-pair2.fastq/'`
BASE=`echo $FQ1 | sed 's/_R1.fastq-trimmed-pair1.fastq//'`

REF=/group/card2/Evangelyn_Sim/Collaboration_Kev_UoM/Sequencing_ATAC_RNA/refgenome/Mus_musculus.GRCm38.dna_sm.primary_assembly.fa

bwa mem -t 20 $REF $FQ1 $FQ2 \
| samtools view -uSh - \
| samtools sort -@10 -o ${BASE}.sort.bam
samtools index ${BASE}.sort.bam

samtools flagstat ${BASE}.sort.bam > ${BASE}.sort.bam.stats
}
export -f runbwamempe


# actually run bwa pe
ls *_R1.fastq-trimmed-pair1.fastq | parallel -u -j4 runbwamempe {}

Remove duplicated reads

#!/bin/bash

nodup(){
BAM=$1
OUT=`echo $BAM | sed 's/.bam/_nodup.bam/'`
samtools rmdup $BAM $OUT
}
export -f nodup
parallel nodup ::: `ls *bam | grep -v dup`

2. Peaks

Peak call of individual sample

#!/bin/bash
BAMS='*bam'
BASENAME=humanATAC
PEAKBED=${BASENAME}_peaks.bed
PEAKSAF=${BASENAME}_peaks.saf
OUT=${BASENAME}_pks.txt
MX=${BASENAME}_pks_se.mx

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/installed/macs/1.4.2-1/python-2.7.11/.//bin/

ls $BAMS | parallel macs14 -t {} -n {}_macs

done

exit

Curate peaks that exist in more than 2 or 3 samples to form a peak set

for BED in *peaks.bed ; do
 awk '{OFS="\t"} {if ($2<1) print $1,1,$3 ; else print $0 }' $BED | awk 'NF=="5"'> tmp
 mv tmp $BED
done

rm humanATAC_peaks_cov*.bed
for COV in 2 3 ; do
  bedtools multiinter -i *_macs_peaks.bed \
 | cut -f-4 | awk -v C=$COV '$4>=C && NF==4' \
 | bedtools merge -i - > mouseATAC_peaks_cov${COV}.bed
done

exit

Count individual sample to the curated peak set

#!/bin/bash

for BED in mouseATAC*bed ; do

  SAF=$BED.saf
  OUT=$SAF.pe.mx
  awk '{OFS="\t"} {print "PK"NR"_"$1":"$2"-"$3,$1,$2,$3,"+"}' $BED > $SAF
  ( featureCounts -p -Q 10 -T 20 -s 0 -a $SAF -F SAF -o $OUT *bam
  sed 1d $OUT | cut -f1,7- > tmp ; mv tmp $OUT ) &

done
awk: fatal: cannot open file `mouseATAC*bed' for reading (No such file or directory)
bash: line 7: featureCounts: command not found

Tidy peak count matrix

#!/bin/bash

for MX in `ls *mx` ; do
   cat $MX | sed 's/-ATAC.sort_nodup.bam//g' > $MX.fix
done
wait

Filter out low counts genes from peak count matrix

Filtering out low counts genes by running the following filter.sh as

bash filter.sh mouseATAC_peaks_cov2.bed.saf.pe.mx.fix

filter.sh

head -1 $1 > ${1}_filt
awk '{
  min = max = sum = $2;       # Initialize to the first value (2nd field)
  sum2 = $2 * $2              # Running sum of squares
  for (n=3; n <= NF; n++) {   # Process each value on the line
    if ($n < min) min = $n    # Current minimum
    if ($n > max) max = $n    # Current maximum
    sum += $n;                # Running sum of values
    sum2 += $n * $n           # Running sum of squares
  }
  print sum/(NF-1) ;
}' $1 > avg
paste avg $1 | awk '$1 >= 10' | cut -f2- | tr ' ' '\t' >> ${1}_filt
rm avg

sessionInfo()
R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /hpc/software/installed/R/3.6.1/lib64/R/lib/libRblas.so
LAPACK: /hpc/software/installed/R/3.6.1/lib64/R/lib/libRlapack.so

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C              
 [3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C            
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

other attached packages:
[1] workflowr_1.6.2

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] Rcpp_1.0.5       rstudioapi_0.11  whisker_0.4      knitr_1.30      
 [5] magrittr_1.5     R6_2.5.0         rlang_0.4.7      stringr_1.4.0   
 [9] tools_3.6.1      xfun_0.18        git2r_0.27.1     htmltools_0.5.0 
[13] ellipsis_0.3.1   rprojroot_1.3-2  yaml_2.2.1       digest_0.6.27   
[17] tibble_3.0.3     lifecycle_0.2.0  crayon_1.3.4     later_1.1.0.1   
[21] vctrs_0.3.2      promises_1.1.1   fs_1.5.0         glue_1.4.2      
[25] evaluate_0.14    rmarkdown_2.5    stringi_1.5.3    compiler_3.6.1  
[29] pillar_1.4.6     backports_1.1.10 httpuv_1.5.4     pkgconfig_2.0.3